A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 186: 263—271 (2012) doi: 10.3897/zookeys. 186.2502 @7Z,00Ke y S www.zookeys.o rg Launched to accelerate biodiversity research New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Oxyporinae Reginald P. Webster', Ian DeMerchant' | Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., RO. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E3B 5P7 Corresponding author: Reginald P Webster (reginaldwebster@rogers.com) Academic editor: /. Klimaszewski | Received 6 December 2011 | Accepted 31 January 2012 | Published 26 April 2012 Citation: Webster RP, DeMerchant I (2012) New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Oxyporinae. In: Klimaszewski J, Anderson R (Eds) Biosystematics and Ecology of Canadian Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) II. ZooKeys 186: 263-271. doi: 10.3897/zookeys. 186.2502 Abstract Five species of Oxyporinae: Oxyporus occipitalis Fauvel, Oxyporus quinquemaculatus LeConte, Oxyporus. major Gravenhorst, Oxyporus rufipennis LeConte, and Oxyporus stygicus Say, are newly recorded from New Brunswick, bringing the number of Oxyporinae known from the province to eight. The first documented records from New Brunswick are provided for Oxyporus kiteleyi reported by Majka et al. (2011). Oxyporus occipitalis and O. major are newly reported for the Maritime provinces of Canada. Collection and habitat data are presented for all these species. Keywords Staphylinidae, Oxyporinae, new records, Canada, New Brunswick Introduction This paper treats new Staphylinidae records from New Brunswick of the subfamily Oxyporinae. The Oxyporinae of the New World were reviewed by Campbell (1969, 1978). This Subfamily includes only the genus Oxyporus in North America. ‘The biol- ogy and larva have been described for a number of the North American species (Mc- Cabe and Teale 1982; Leschen and Allen 1988; Hanley and Goodrich 1993, 1994; Goodrich and Hanley 1995b). Members of this genus exhibit an obligate association with mature Agaricales (gilled), Boletales (bolete), and Polyporales (polypore) mush- rooms, and both larvae and adults feed on the spore-producing layer of the mushrooms (Hanley and Goodrich 1995b). The host preferences and behavior of the New World Copyright Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li- cense 3.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 264 Reginald P Webster & Ian DeMerchant / ZooKeys 186: 263-271 (2012) Oxyporus species were reviewed by Hanley and Goodrich (1995b). Members of this genus vary in the range of fungal host genera they use. For example, adults of Oxypo- rus quinquemaculatus LeConte have a narrow host preference range (Pluteus species), whereas other species, such as Oxyporus vittatus Gravenhorst, use a broad range of host genera of fungi, although the larvae of all species appear to have a narrower range of host species than the adults and are usually found in only one or two host fungi (Han- ley and Goodrich 1995a, b). The short duration of the life cycle of only 14-17 days is probably an adaptation related to the ephemeral nature of the host fungi (Hanley and Goodrich 1993, 1994, 1995b; Goodrich and Hanley 1995). Campbell and Davies (1991) reported eight species of Oxyporus for Canada and two species (Oxyporus. lateralis Gravenhorst and O. vittatus) from New Brunswick. Majka et al. (2011) reported Oxyporus kiteleyi Campbell from New Brunswick but did not provide any supporting references or data. Here, five species are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick, and the first documented records from New Brunswick of O. kiteleyi, bringing the number of Oxyporinae known from the province to eight. Methods and conventions The following records are based in part on specimens collected as part of a general sur- vey by the first author to document the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick. Collection methods Oxyporinae were collected from mushrooms. Mushrooms were placed in a plastic box, broken into pieces, and the adults aspirated into a vial. A description of the habitat was recorded for all collections. Locality and habitat data are presented exactly as on labels for each record. This information, as well as additional collecting notes, is summarized in the collection and habitat data section for each species. Specimen preparation A few examples of male specimens were dissected to confirm their identity. The genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol and mounted in Canada balsam on cel- luloid microslides, and pinned with the specimens from which they originated. Distribution Distribution maps, created using ArcMap and ArcGIS, are presented for each spe- cies in New Brunswick. Every species is cited with current published distribution in New distributional and collection data of Staphylinidae from New Brunswick 265 anada an aska, using abbreviations for the state, provinces, and territories. New Canada and Alask g abbreviations for the state, p d territ N provincial records are indicated in bold under Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ‘The following abbreviations are used in the text: AK Alaska MB Manitoba YT Yukon Territory ON Ontario NT Northwest Territories QC Quebec NU Nunavut NB New Brunswick BC British Columbia PE Prince Edward Island AB Alberta NS Nova Scotia SK Saskatchewan NF & LB Newfoundland and Labrador Acronyms of collections examined and referred to in this study are as follows: AFC Atlantic Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agricul- ture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada NBM_ New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada RWC _ Reginald P. Webster Collection, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, Canada Results Five species of Oxyporinae are newly recorded from New Brunswick, and the first documented records from New Brunswick of O. kiteleyi, bringing the number of Oxy- porinae known from the province to eight (Table 1). Table |. Species of Oxyporinae (Staphylinidae) recorded from New Brunswick, Canada. Family Staphylinidae Latreille Oxyporus (Oxyporus) kiteleyi Campbell Subfamily Oxyporinae Fleming Oxyporus (Oxyporus) major Gravenhorst** Oxyporus (Pseudoxyporus) lateralis Gravenhorst Oxyporus (Oxyporus) rufipennis LeConte* Oxyporus (Pseudoxyporus) occipitalis Fauvel** Oxyporus (Oxyporus) stygicus Say* Oxyporus (Pseudoxyporus) quinquemaculatus Oxyporus (Oxyporus) vittatus Gravenhorst LeConte* Notes. *New to province, **New to Maritime provinces. Species accounts All records below are species newly recorded for New Brunswick, Canada, unless noted otherwise (additional records). Species followed by ** are newly recorded from the Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island) of Canada. The classification of the Oxyporinae follows Bouchard et al. (2011). 266 Reginald P Webster & Ian DeMerchant / ZooKeys 186: 263-271 (2012) Family Staphylinidae, Latreille, 1802 Subfamily Oxyporinae, Fleming, 1821 Oxyporus (Pseudoxyporus) occipitalis Fauvel, 1864** http://species-id.net/wiki/Oxyporus_occipitalis Map 1 Material examined. New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Na- ture Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 23.VI.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, in gilled mushroom (2 3, 5 9, RWC); Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1940°N, 67.6800°W, 3.VII.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, in gilled mushroom (1 3,32, RWC). Collection and habitat data. The biology, life history, and fungal hosts of Oxypo- rus occipitalis were reported by Hanley and Goodrich (1993, 1995a, b). This species was reported from 11 genera in seven families of fungi, but most individuals were re- ported from four genera (Hanley and Goodrich 1993, 1995a, b). In New Brunswick, adults were collected from various species (species not determined) of gilled mush- rooms in mixed forests during June and July. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. YT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1969). Oxyporus (Pseudoxyporus) quinquemaculatus LeConte, 1863 http://species-id.net/wiki/Oxyporus_quinquemaculatus Map 2 Material examined. New Brunswick, Albert Co., Caledonia Gorge P.N.A., (Pro- tected Natural Area) 45.8257°N, 64.7791°W, 6.VII.2011, R. BP Webster, old hard- wood forest (sugar maple and beech), on Polyporus varius (1, RWC). Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 23.V1.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, in gilled mushroom (1 2, RWC); Meduxnekeag River Val- ley Nature Preserve, 46.1897°N, 67.6710°W, 25.V1.2007, R. P. Webster, mixed for- est, in gilled mushroom (1 3, RWC); Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1898°N, 67.6766°W, 2.VI.2008, R. PB. Webster, mixed forest, in small brown gilled mushrooms on side of rotten log (3 3, RWC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8286°N, 66.7365°W, 11.VII.2006, 2.V1.2007, R. BR Webster, mature mixed forest, in gilled mushrooms (2 3,19, RWC). Collection and habitat data. Oxyporus quinquemaculatus has a relatively narrow range of hosts (five genera in three families), with most records from the genus Pluteus (Hanley and Goodrich 1995b). This species was also reported from Laccaria amethystina Mutr., Psilocybe spadicea Fries, and Naematoloma sublateritium Karst. by Weiss and West (1920, 1921). In New Brunswick, this species was collected from gilled mushrooms (spe- cies not determined) and from Polyporus varius Fr. in mixed forests during June and July. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1969). New distributional and collection data of Staphylinidae from New Brunswick 267 Oxyporus (Oxyporus) kiteleyi Campbell, 1978 http://species-id.net/wiki/Oxyporus_kiteleyi Map 3 Material examined. Additional New Brunswick records, Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 19.VIII.2004, 8.VIII.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, in Boletus sp. mushrooms (2 3, 1 9, RWO; Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1896°N, 67.6700°W, 26.[X.2007, R. P. Webster, hardwood forest, on group of Pholiota sp. mushrooms at base of dead standing beech (1 2, RWC); Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1878°N, 67.6705°W, 18.VIII.2008, R. P. Webster, hardwood forest, in large orange gilled mushrooms [probably Gymnopilus specta- bilis| near base of dead standing beech tree (5 3, 6 2, RWC, NBM); same locality and col- lector, 2.[X.2008, hardwood forest, on large orange gilled mushroom [probably Gymnopilus spectabilis| on side of rotten beech log (2 3, RWC); Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 7.VIII.2009, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, on large orange gilled mushroom [probably Gymnopilus spectabilis] on side of rotten beech log (7, NBM, RWC). Collection and habitat data. Hanley and Goodrich (1995b) considered O. kitelyi to have a relatively narrow range of host species. Adults have been reported from Suillus sp. (Boletaceae) from Massachusetts and Georgia (Campbell 1978) and Armillaria mellea (Tri- cholomataceae) (Hanley and Goodrich 1995b). In New Brunswick, adults were found on Boletus sp. mushrooms (Boletaceae), Pholiota sp. (Cortinariaceae) at the base of standing dead American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), and inside a large orange-gilled mushroom species (probably Gymnopilus spectabilis (Cortinariacae)) near bases of dead standing Amer- ican beech trees or on rotten beech logs. Adults occurred in tunnels within the caps of the orange-gilled mushroom species. ‘This species was collected during August and September. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Campbell 1978). Oxyporus kiteleyi was listed as occurring in New Brunswick by Majka et al. (2011) without any supporting references or data. Here, we provide the first documented records from New Brunswick. Oxyporus (Oxyporus) major Gravenhorst, 1806** http://species-id.net/wiki/Oxyporus_major Map 4 Material examined. New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Na- ture Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 19.VIII.2004, 7.[X.2004, 14.IX.2005, R. P Webster, mixed forest, in Boletus sp. mushrooms (3 4, 2 2, RWC). Collection and habitat data. Campbell (1969) reported this species from a Lac- tarius sp. (Russulaceae). The biology, development, and a description of the larva of O. major were reported by Goodrich and Hanley (1995b). They reported this species from six families of fungi. Adults were most frequently collected from Stropaharia hardii Atkinson (Strophariaceae), Lepiota acutaesquamosa (Weinm.) Kummer (Lepiotaceae), and Armillaria spp. (Tricholomataceae). The only known larval host is S. hardii and L. 268 Reginald P Webster & Ian DeMerchant / ZooKeys 186: 263-271 (2012) acutaesquamosa (Goodrich and Hanley 1995a, b). In New Brunswick, O. major was collected from Boletus sp. (Boletaceae) mushrooms during July, August, and September. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Chagnon 1917). Campbell (1969) considered a record from Montreal, Quebec based on specimens in the Fauvel Collec- tion as doubtful unless verified by additional collecting and, therefore, did not report this species from Canada. However, there was a record supported by a specimen from Quebec (Montreal Island) reported by Chagnon (1917) that confirmed the presence of this species for the province of Quebec and Canada. There are also recent specimens from Quebec in the R. Martineau Collection at the Laurentian Forestry Centre’s In- sectarium in Quebec City, Quebec and in the CNC. Oxyporus (Oxyporus) rufipennis LeConte, 1863 http://species-id.net/wiki/Oxyporus_rufipennis Map 5 Material examined. New Brunswick, Albert Co., Caledonia Gorge P.N.A., 45.7692°N, 64.8093°W, 12.[X.2011, R. P. Webster, old hardwood forest (sugar ma- ple and yellow birch), on Pholiota sp. mushrooms on yellow birch log (1, NBM). Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1940°N, 67.6800°W, 23.V1.2006, 3.VII.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, on Pleurotus sp. on dead standing trembling aspen (2 4, NBM, RWC). Restigouche Co., Mount Carleton Prov. Park, Mount Bailey, 47.4042°N, 66.9189°W, 3.IX.2006, R. P. Webster, old hardwood for- est, on mass of Pholiota sp. mushrooms on large dead standing yellow birch (5 3, 4 9 (over 50 individuals observed), RWC). Collection and habitat data. Hanley and Goodrich (1995b) considered O. ru- fipennis to have a relatively narrow range of host species (Pholiota (Cortinariaceae), Polyporus (Polyoraceae), Omphalotus, Pleurotus (Tricholomataceae)). In New Brun- swick, this species was collected from mushrooms on standing trees and a recently fallen tree: Pleurotus sp. mushrooms on dead standing trembling aspen (Populus tremu- loides Michx.), from masses of Pholiota sp. mushrooms on a large standing (partially dead) yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.), and a recently fallen yellow birch. Adults were captured during June, July, and September. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1969; Camp- bell and Davies 1991). Oxyporus (Oxyporus) stygicus Say, 1831 http://species-id.net/wiki/Oxyporus_stygicus Map 6 Material examined. New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Na- ture Preserve, 46.1940°N, 67.6800°W, 23.VI.2006, R. P Webster, mixed forest, in New distributional and collection data of Staphylinidae from New Brunswick 269 welll es tall a ell Map I. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Map 2. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Oxyporus occipitalis. Canada of Oxyporus quinquemaculatus. ae . ,_- anti Map 3. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Map 4. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Oxyporus kiteleyi. Canada of Oxyporus major. bya, weg, & ae | Map 5. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Map 6. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Oxyporus rufipennis. Canada of Oxyporus stygicus. Boletus sp. mushrooms (2 3, 1 9, RWC); Becaguimec Island in Saint John River, 46.3106°N, 67.5392°W, 13.IX.2006, R. P. Webster, mature mixed forest, on Pholiota sp. mushrooms on log (1 3S, 3 2, NBM, RWC). Sunbury Co., Lakeville Corner, 45.9007°N, 66.2423°W, 10.IX.2006, R. P. Webster, silver maple forest, on Boletus sp. mushroom (2 3, RWC). 270 Reginald P Webster & Ian DeMerchant / ZooKeys 186: 263-271 (2012) Collection and habitat data. The biology, development, and a description of the larval characteristics of O. stygicus were reported by Hanley and Goodrich (1994). They reported this species from three families of fungi: Cortinariaceae (Pholiota), Polypo- raceae (Grifola, Polyporus), and Tricholomataceae (Armillaria, Omphalotus, Pleurotus). Large series of immatures were collected from Pholiota aurivella (Fr.) Kummer, Pho- liota sp., and Omphalotus illudens (Schw.) Bigelow. Weiss and West (1920) reported O. stygicus from Pleurotus ostriatus Fries. Hanley and Goodrich (1995b) considered O. stygicus to have a relatively narrow range of host species compared with other Oxyporus sp. This species was collected from Boletus and Pholiota spp. mushrooms in mixed for- ests and a silver maple (Acer saccharum Marsh) forest in New Brunswick. Adults were collected during June and September. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1969). Acknowledgments We thank Caroline Simpson for editing this manuscript. Anthony Davies (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (CNC), Ottawa) and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for the helpful suggestions that improved this manuscript. Jon Sweeney (AFC) revised the first draft of this manuscript and provided very useful comments. Serge Laplante (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (CNC), Ottawa) is thanked for his help. David Malloch (NBM) is thanked for assistance determining fungi. The New Brunswick Environmental Trust Fund and New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund are thanked for funding various insect surveys over the past 7 years. Ihe Meduxnekeag River Associa- tion is thanked for permission to sample beetles at the Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve (which includes the Bell Forest). The New Brunswick Department of Natu- ral Resources (Fish and Wildlife Branch) is thanked for providing logistical support and issuing permits for sampling in the Protected Natural Areas. Survey work in the Caledonia Gorge Protected Natural Area was organized through the New Brunswick Museum with external funding from the New Brunswick Environmental Trust Fund, Salamander Foundation, and the New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund. References Bouchard P, Bousquet Y, Davies AE, Alonso-Zarazaga MA, Lawrence JF, Lyal CHC, Newton AK, Reid CAM, Schmitt M, Slipiriski SA, Smith ABT (2011) Family- group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1-972. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.88.807 Campbell JM (1969) A revision of the New World Oxyporinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). 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